Mark Cadwallader has a Master of Science Degree.

Stephen Caesar B.A.

Stephen Caesar was originally skeptical of the idea of Biblical infallibility, but became a believing Christian after scientifically and academically investigating the books of the Bible.

Caesar received his B.A. magna cum laude in International Relations and Spanish from Tufts University in 1988. He is currently pursuing a Master of Science Degree in Anthropology /Archaeology at Harvard University and was leaving for an archaeological dig in Israel at the time of this writing. Stephen actively writes on creation. His writings have appeared in Pulpit Helps, The Christian News, The Sword of the Lord, The Baptist Challenge, The Bible Advocate, Front-Line, The Christian Advocate, Bible and Spade, and the Lawrence (MA) Eagle Tribune. He also writes ‘Investigating Genesis,’ a monthly column that appears in Christian newspapers across the country, including The GDP Previewer, The Wisconsin Christian News, Connection, and Christian Citizen USA.

Stephen Caesar is a very active creationist. His world travels have included Israel, the United Kingdom, Canada, France, Monaco, Holland, Italy, Mexico, Papua New Guinea, and the pre-revolution U.S.S.R.

Gerald D. Cagle Ph.D.

Dr. Gerald Cagle is Senior Vice President for Research and Development at Alcon Laboratories, Inc. He has served in this capacity since 1997. In this position, he is responsible for Alcon’s global Research and Development efforts. He previously had served as Vice President of Development since 1985. He served as Vice President of Regulatory Affairs in 1988, and then returned to Development in 1989.

Dr. Cagle joined Alcon in 1976 as Senior Scientist in Ophthalmic Microbiology. He had been a member of the Department of Microbiology at Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio. He was named Director of Ophthalmology in 1982, Senior Director in 1984.

Cagle holds a Bachelor of Science Degree from Wayland College and a Master of Science Degree and a Ph.D. from North Texas State University. He is also a graduate of the Harvard Program for Management Development, has written or collaborated on numerous papers and contributed to several textbooks on Microbiology and Biology.

Ron C. Calais

Ron Calais has spent the past thirty years researching in the fields of geology, paleontology, anthropology and archaeology. He has a filing system of more than 10,000 articles relating to these and related subjects.

Joseph L. Calkins (M.D.)

Dr. Joseph Calkins is a self-employed Ophthalmologist in Denver, Pennsylvania. He has a Doctorate in Medicine and is a Creation Research Society voting member. Dr. Calkins is Vice President for the Institute for Scientific and Biblical Research in Lancaster, Pennsylvania and has a special interest Molecular Biology and Information Theory.

Max W. Callen

John H. Calvert J.D.

John Calvert has been in the private practice of law since 1968 when he was admitted to the Bar in Missouri. Although his specialty is corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, and business litigation, he has practiced geology in a number of legal engagements involving mining and the oil and gas industry and has studied structural geology and paleontology as he has traveled throughout the world. He received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Geology. Mr. Calvert acquired his interest in origins and design theory in the late 1970’s when introducted to the structure of DNA, RNA and other features of cellular structure and cellular information processing systems which provide evidence of design. As a lawyer Mr. Calvert has studied the evidentiary reliability of the evidence of design that occurs in nature, the philosophical and cultural barriers which suppress the evidence and the legality of governmental actions which censor the evidence in publicly funded educational institutions. As a geologist Mr. Calvert has studied the extent to which the fossil record and the earth’s geologic structure support design inferences.

Mr. Calvert is a member of the American Bar Association, the Missouri Bar Association, and the American Trial Lawyer’s Association and has been admitted to practice in federal and state courts. He is a Founder and Managing Director of Intelligent Design Network, Inc., a non-profit organization that is focused on the education of the public about intelligent design.

Ashby L. Camp J.D., M.Div.

Ashby Camp received a Bachelor of Arts Degree magna cum laude from the University of Florida in 1974. He graduated with High Honors (which was the highest level of distinction at that time) and was a member of the honorary scholastic fraternity Phi Beta Kappa. He earned a Juris Doctor Degree from Duke University School of Law in 1977 and worked as a civil trial lawyer for ten years, during which time he became a Christian. In 1987 he left the practice of law to attend Harding University Graduate School of Religion. In 1990 he graduated summa cum laude with a Master of Divinity Degree and was a recipient of the Velma R. West Greek Award, meaning that he had received the highest grad on an exam designed to test one’s competence in New Testament Greek.

Mr. Camp is a member of the Florida Bar Association, though he no longer practices law and hasn’t since 1987. He has ministered at the University Church of Christ in Tempe, Arizona. Since his conversion, he has studied with much interest the issue of origins for years.

Robert S. Camp

Russell R. Camp Ph.D.

Dr. Russell Camp received a Master of Science Degree in Biology/Zoology from Miami of Ohio in 1964. He received a Ph.D. in Botany from the University of Wisconsin in 1970. He is Professor of Biology at Gordon College and is a member of the American Scientific Affiliation. His past responsibilities in the American Scientific Affiliation have included the Workshop on Bioethics in 1986, the Conference on Gene Splicing in 1987, and Organization of Christian Biologists from 1988 to 1990. He is Interim President, Affiliation of Christian Biologists.

Dr. Camp believes that his role as a Christian teacher is to carefully articulate the relationship of his Christian faith to the discipline of biology and as a Christian biologist, he believes we should promote in our students the proper stewardship of this world and bring the glory of God in all that we do.

Harold Camping B.S.

Harold Camping is President and cofounder of Family Stations, Inc., a Christian educational network. He serves full-time as a volunteer. Harold Camping was born in Colorado and moved at an early age to California. He earned a Bachelor of Science Degree in Civil Engineering from the University of California at Berkeley in 1942.

In 1958, Camping helped found Family Stations and some years later, he gave up a successful construction company, Camping Construction, to devote full time to the Family Radio ministry of which he is the Host of the Open Forum program. It now broadcasts worldwide and he has a School of the Bible with an enrollment of over 30,000 students. He has written a number of books.

Eric B. Cannell B.S.

Kenneth A. Caproni M.S.

Kenneth Caproni received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Physics/Mathematics from Seattle Pacific University in 1964 and a Master of Science Degree in Physics from Oregon State University in 1967. He is a member of the Society of Automotive Engineers, Avionics Division.

Steve Cardno

Steve Cardno is Creation magazine’s Art Director.

Cynthia Covill Carlson M.S.

Cynthia Carlson received a Master of Science Degree in Biology from the Institute for Creation Research in 2000. Her Master of Science Thesis was entitled, “The Three Toed Sloth and the Keepers of the Earth”.

Johanna Carlson M.S.

Johanna Carlson received a Master of Science Degree in Biology from the Institute for Creation Research in 1997.

Richard F. Carlson Ph.D. (June 19, 1936 - )

Dr. Richard Carlson is Research Professor of Physics at the University of Redlands, Redlands, California, Visiting Scientist in the Department of Radiation Sciences, the Svedberg Laboratory, Gustav Werner Cyclotron, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden from 1992 to present and was Visiting Professor of Science and Theology at Fuller Theological Seminary, Pasadena, California in 1995, and 1997 through 1999.

Dr. Carlson received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Physics/Math from the University of Redlands in 1957. He received a Master of Science Degree (1962) and a Ph.D. (1964) both in Physics from the University of Minnesota. In 1994 he received a Master of Arts Degree in Theology/ Biblical Studies from Fuller Theological Seminary in 1994. He was Assistant Research Physicist at U.C.L.A. in 1964, Acting Assistant Professor of Physics U.C.L.A. from 1964 to 1967, Assistant Professor of Physics University of Redlands from 1967 to 1971, Visiting Scientist University of Manitoba 1972 to 1986, Associate Professor of Physics from 1971 to 1977, Visiting Scientist U.C. Davis from 1988 to 1995, and Professor of Physics from 1977 to 2001.

Dr. Carlson’s physics research interests are in experimental Nuclear Physics and he has done postdoctoral research at U.C.L.A. While teaching at the University of Redlands he has continued his nuclear research at U.C.L.A., the University of Manitoba, the University of California, Davis, and currently at Uppsala University. Recently his interests have shifted to the area of science and Christian faith, and he has taught a number of Science and Theology courses at the University of Redlands and Fuller Theological Seminary. His courses at Redlands and Fuller have resulted in two Templeton Foundation Prizes. He was also the winner of the Morland Award, Phi Beta Kappa chapter, University of Redlands in 2001. He has had seven research grants for experimental low energy nuclear physics research.

Dr. Carlson is a member of the American Physical Society, the American Scientific Affiliation, the American Association of Physic Teachers, Society of the Sigma Xi (honorary scientific research society) and Sigma Pi Sigma (honorary physics society). He has published over fifty articles in refereed nuclear physics research journals and theological journals.

Ron Carlson D.Div.

Ron Carlson is a graduate of Bethel College and Theological Seminary in St. Paul, Minnesota. He has also studied at the Institute of Holy Land Studies at the Jerusalem University College in Israel, the University of California at Irvine, and California State University at Hayward. He received his Doctorate of Divinity from the Northwest Graduate School of Ministry in Kirkland, Washington.

Ron Carlson, founder and president of Christian Ministries International, is recognized worldwide as one of the foremost authorities and lectures Christian apologetics, cults, and specializing in scientific creationism. He founded Christian Ministries International in 1974, and since then it has expanded as a worldwide ministry that equips pastors and missionaries to counter cults overseas as well as in the United States.

Carlson has traveled and lectured in 78 countries covering six continents. His lectures on the Christian biblical response to world religions, cults, New Age philosophy, the occult, and evolution are well-received in churches and universities and at missionaries’ and pastor’s conferences. He is an especially sought-after speaker on college campuses worldwide for his presentation on the creation vs. evolution debate. He also travels overseas several times each year to work with mission organizations such as Campus Crusade for Christ, Youth With a Mission, and Operation Mobilization. Carlson has lived and studied in Israel, and spent two years as a missionary in the Philippines.

Carlson has been a guest on numerous Christian and secular radio and television stations worldwide in places including South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. He has also been interviewed on Coast to Coast, The 700 Club, TBN, and CBN’s Straight Talk.

Carlson has written several books including Fast Facts on False Teachings co-authored with apologetics expert Ed Decker and Transcendental Meditation: Religion or Relaxation? Some of his articles have appeared in such publications as Forward, The Wittenberg Door, and The Standard.

Lynn Carothers Ph.D.

Dr. Carothers is an Associate Professor of Statistics with a Bachelor of Science Degree from the University of Southern California, University Park (1973), a Master of Science Degree from California State University, Northridge (1979) and a Ph.D. in Science Education from the University of Southern California, University Park (1987).

Paige Carroll M.S.

Paige Carroll is a Science Teacher and has a Master of Science Degree in Biology from the Institute for Creation Research (1999).

Clarence B. Carson Ph.D.

Born and educated in the South, with advanced degrees from Vanderbilt and Auburn, Dr. Clarence Carson spent the major period of his life teaching in several colleges. During his early education he had moved toward what is today called “liberalism,” but by the time he earned his Ph.D., his doctoral dissertation was titled “Embattled Individualists: The Defense of the Idea of Individualism, 1890 - 1930.”

Although Carson was a college professor by vocation, he was really interested in writing and has published over nineteen books, many of them designed to be textbooks. His six-volume A Basic History of the United States is certainly his magnum opus; it’s an excellent survey of American history without any hint of the common leftist biases.

Dr. Carson began contributing to The Freeman in 1961. Forty of his articles were incorporated into a book entitled The World in the Grip of an Idea. Most of his wide-ranging memoir is taken up with articles, economic ruminations, essays, philosophical musings, stories and more.

George F. Carter Ph.D.

Dr. George Carter is Distinguished Professor Emeritus with the Department of Geography at Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas.

Ronald L. Carter Ph.D.

Dr. Ronald Carter is Professor of Biology in the Department of Natural Sciences at Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California.

Dr. Carter received his Bachelor of Arts Degree in Biology from Columbia Union College, Takoma Park, Maryland in 1969, a Master of Divinity from Andrews University Theological Seminary in 1971, and a Ph.D. from Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California in 1977. From 1989 to 1991 Dr. Carter did Post-doctoral training in molecular systematics at Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont College, Claremont, California.

Carter was Associate Professor of Biology at Southern College of Seventh-day Adventists from 1980 to 1984. From 1984 to 1989 he was Associate Professor of Biology in the Department of Biological Sciences at Walla Walla College and Professor of Biology at Loma Linda University in the Department of Natural Sciences since 1989.

Dr. Carter has done research in parent off spring recognition in deer mice, sleep physiology studies in Glaucous-winged gulls, electro-physiology of rattlesnake strike behavior, parent-young recognition studies in Glaucous-winged gulls, population genetics of hybrid gulls in the Puget Sound, WA, and Tilapia from Indonesia, molecular systematics of sunflowers and paeonia, molecular ecology of Bahamian Rock Iguanas, population genetics of Croton californicus, and adaptive measures of Lekking in Marine Iguanas.

Dr. Carter is a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Institute for Biological Sciences, the American Society for Ichthyology and Herpetology, the Animal Behavior Society, the Herp League, the New York Academy of Sciences, the Pacific Seabird Group, Sigma Xi, the Society for the Studies of Evolution, the Society for the Study of Molecular Evolution and Systematics, and the Southern California Academy of Sciences.

Theodore William Carron (1891 - )

Theodore Carron was born at Leyton, Essex, England and was educated in English schools. For a number of years he was Deputy Director of the Thames Board Mills, a Division of the Unilever Group, involved in large-scale manufacture of cardboard.

Carron was a member of the Evolution Protest Movement in England since 1940.

George Washington Carver Jr. (1864/5 - January 5, 1943) M.S.

George Washington Carver was an American scientist - Agricultural Chemist and was a faculty member at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. He was considered the world’s top authority on peanut and sweet potatoes and their products. He developed over 400 products from peanuts, 75 products derived from pecans, and over 118 from the sweet potato. He received the Spingarn Medal in 1923 and in 1939, at the age of seventy-five, he was awarded the Roosevelt medal.

Carter was born on a Missouri farm near Diamond Grove (now called Diamond), Newton County in Marion Township, Missouri. He earned his way at Simpson College, at Indianola, Iowa, and Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, at Ames, receiving a Bachelor of Science Degree in 1894 and was later, in 1928 bestowed an honorary doctorate. He received a Master of Science Degree in Agriculture in 1896 from there. He became a member of the faculty of Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanics Art in charge of the school’s bacterial laboratory work in the Systematic Botany Department. His work with agricultural products developed industrial applications from farm products, called chemurgy in technical literature in the early 1900s.

Carter’s achievements with plants brought him to the attention of Booker T. Washington, founder of the Tuskegee Institute. He moved to Tuskegee, Alabama in 1896 to accept a position as an instructor at the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute and remained on the faculty until his death in 1943. His work in developing industrial applications from agricultural products derived 118 products, including a rubber substitute and over 500 dyes and pigments, from 28 different plants. He was responsible for the invention in 1927 of a process for producing paints and stains from soybeans, for which three separate patents were issued. He also pioneered the production of synthetic marble from wood chips long before plastics were first produced from food wastes.

In 1940 Carter gave his life savings toward establishing the George Washington Carver Foundation for research in agricultural chemistry. In 1953, his birthplace was dedicated as a national monument. He was a member of the Royal Society of Arts in London, England.

Richard Caster M.S.

Richard Caster holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemical Engineering and a Master of Science Degree from the University of Washington. He is a Research Engineer and is a senior scientist in the Chemistry Department of Weyerhaeuser of Tacoma, Washington. His research has focused on adhesives used in wood gluing and he has served on government committees on wood adhesives. He has been President of the Seattle chapter of the Bible Science Association.

David Catchpoole B.Ag.Sc. (Hons), Ph.D.

Dr. Catchpoole has worked as a plant physiologist and science educator, specializing in tropical agriculture and horticulture. He has an honorary Bachelor of Science Degree in Agriculture and a Ph.D. Formerly an ardent evolutionistic atheist, Dr. Catchpoole, after a personal crisis while working in Indonesia in his mid-20s began to embrace Christianity, but for ten years struggled to reconcile popular evolutionary beliefs with the Bible. In 1997 after hearing an Answers-in-Genesis seminar, he now eagerly proclaims the whole truth of God’s Word, sharing the exciting message of creation. He works full-time now for Answers in Genesis in Brisbane, Australia, where he writes for Creation magazine, gives creation talks, answers questions from letter-writers, and reviews technical articles.

Hiram Caton Ph.D.

Dr. Caton is a Medical Ethicist and was Professor of Humanities, Politics, and History and Head of the School of Applied Ethics, Faculty of Arts, at Griffith University in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, where he lectured on bio-politics and is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Biology. He is now Adjunct Professor, Fellow of the National Institute of Law, Ethics, and Public Affairs at Griffith University and Fellow of the Southern Cross Bioethics Institute, Adelaide, South Australia.

David P. Cavanaugh

Sung-Do Cha Ph.D.

Dr. Cha is Professor in the Physics Department at Gang Won University. He received his Ph.D. in Physics from So Gang University.

Arthur V. Chadwick Ph.D., D.Sc.

Arthur Chadwick is Professor of Geology and Biology and Chairman of the Biology Department at Southwestern Adventist College, Keene, Texas since 1984. Chadwick received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Biology from La Sierra College in 1965. He received his Ph.D. in Molecular Biology from the University of Miami in 1969 and a Postdoctoral in Geology from the University of California, 1975 to 1978.

Dr. Chadwick was Assistant Professor of Biology at Loma Linda University from 1970 to 1977, Associate Professor of Biology there from 1978 to 1983, Associate Professor of Geology from 1979 to 1984 and Professor of the Graduate Program of Geological Sciences from 1979 to 1988. He has been a Research Associate with the Geo-science Research Institute, Loma Linda University, since 1988. He was also a Visiting Professor of Geology and Geophysics at the University of Oklahoma from 1977 to 1978.

Dr. Chadwick has published in the fields of molecular biology, paleo-botany, palynology, and sedimentology, a field in which he is actively working at currently. He has developed computer methods for using paleo-current data for reconstructing paleo-geographic and sedimentologic processes on a global scale for the Phanerozoic. His interests include basinal and supra-basinal sedimentologic trends, including the analysis of paleo-currents and other directional structures. He is also currently doing research on the basal Cambrian depositional environment of the Tapeats Sandstone in the Grand Canyon, the depositional environment of the Pasco Formation in Peru and on the taphonomy of dinosaur bone-beds in the Lance Formation in Wyoming.

Chadwick is Director of the Earth History Research Center, a consortium of geologists and other active scientists committed to promoting a Christian perspective on science. He has been an invited speaker at origins symposia around the world and is an active lecturer on issues of science and origins.

Dr. Chadwick received a California State Scholarship, 1961 to 1965, a U.S. Public Health Service Pre-doctoral Fellowship, 1965 to 1966, a National Institutes of Health Training Grant, 1966 to 1969, a National Defense Post-doctoral Fellowship, 1969 to 1970, Professor of the Year in 1987, and a Zapara Award for Excellency in Teaching in 1989. He also received a Nominee Piper Professor Award for Excellence in Teaching in 1996.

Chadwick is a member of the Geological Society of America, the American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, the Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, and the American Association of Petroleum Geologists.

Eugene F. Chaffin Ph.D.

Dr. Eugene Chaffin is a Physics Professor at Bob Jones University. He joined the Physics Department in 1999 after teaching at Bluefield College, Bluefield, Virginia for 18 years, teaching at the Naval Nuclear Power School in Orlando, Florida for 4 years, from 1977 to 1981, being responsible for training Naval personnel for duty operating and maintaining nuclear reactors on board U.S. Navy submarines and surface ships, and two years of postdoctoral research at the Institute for Applied Nuclear Physics in Karlsruhe, West Germany from 1975 to 1976. This involved two years of research on the theory of nuclear fission.

Dr. Chaffin received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Physics in 1970, a Master of Science Degree in Physics in 1972, and a Ph.D. in Theoretical Nuclear Physics in 1974, all from Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma. He was a National Science Foundation Trainee at Oklahoma State University from 1971 to 1972 and was Instructor of Physics at St. Gregory’s College in 1974. He is Adjunct Faculty member of Astro/Geophysics Department at the Institute for Creation Research Graduate School. He was the editor of the Creation Research Society Quarterly from 1993 to 1999, and is currently the physics editor, as well as a member of the board and Vice President of the Creation Research Society.

Dr. Chaffin has published numerous technical articles in his field in secular journals.

Myoung-Joon Chai Ph.D.

Myoung-Joon Chai is a Professor at Hanyang University and received a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Seoul National University.

John Chaikowsky Jr. B.A. (January 19, 1949 - )

John Chaikowsky was born in Alton, Illinois. John served in the United States Army from 1967 to 1970 when he was honorably discharged, serving in Vietnam from 1968 to 1969. He received an Associates Degree in Science from Lewis and Clark Community College in 1972. In 1974 he received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Earth Sciences from Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville and a Secondary Teaching Certification, SIUE, in 1979.

Chaikowsky worked as a Surveyor for an engineering firm from 1978 to 1979. From 1979 to 1980 he was a high school science and math teacher at North Florida Christian School in Tallahassee, Florida. He has also been a cartographer for the National Imagery & Mapping Agency in St. Louis since 1981.

Chaikowsky debated against Dr. Joseph Travis, a Geneticist, at Florida State University and was successful in getting creationism taught in the Alton, Illinois public schools in 1979. He is a member of the Creation Research Society and the Missouri Association for Creation. He has had several letters published in Geotimes magazine.

Choong-Kuk Chang Ph.D.

Dr. Choong-Kuk Chang is a Genetic Engineering Scientist in New Jersey and has a Ph.D. in Genetics from Princeton University.

Bruce K. Chapman B.A.

Bruce Chapman received a Bachelor of Arts Degree from Harvard University. He was the publisher of a political journal, Advance, from 1960 to 1964, and from 1965 to 1966 was an editorial writer for the New York Herald Tribune. He was elected to the Seattle City Council in 1971, and in 1975 was appointed Secretary of State for Washington State. He was elected officially to that post that year and was elected to a full term in 1976. He ran unsuccessfully for Governor of Washington in 1980.

A former Director of the United States Census Bureau (from 1981 to 1983), Chapman also served as Deputy Assistant to President Ronald Reagan from 1983 to 1985 and simultaneously held the position of Director of White House Office of Planning and Evaluation. In 1985 he was appointed United States Ambassador to the United Nations Organizations in Vienna, Austria, serving through 1988. He received the State Department's Superior Honor Award. His diverse responsibilities included such subject areas as economic development, refugees, narcotics control and nuclear proliferation.

Chapman was a fellow of the Hudson Institute for two years until he founded the Seattle based Discovery Institute, a public policy center on national and international affairs, in 1990. The Institute deals with a variety of public policy proposals that strive to make a positive vision of the future practical. Subject areas include regionalism in 'Cascadia', political reform and technology, religion and public life, and science and culture.

Chapman is a specialist in public policy development with a long career in government service at all levels, as well as a private career as an editorial writer, public policy fellow, and publisher. He is President of the Discovery Institute. Nationally, he serves on the Amtrak Reform Council and as a board member of the American Anglican Council. He has published over a hundred articles.

Geoff Chapman

Geoff Chapman is Honorary Secretary and Director of the Creation Resources Trust (formerly the Somerset Creationist Group) in England. He is active in creation science in the United Kingdom, and edits numerous publications.

Dorothy F. Chappell Ph.D.

Dr. Chappell is Chair of the Department of Biology and Professor of Biology and has been Natural Scientist and Academic Dean at Gordon College, Wenham, MA since 1994.

Dr. Chappell received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology from Longwood College. She received a Master of Science Degree in Biology from the University. She received her Ph.D. in Botany from Miami University of Ohio. She routinely reviews papers for publications and grant applications from national sources. She is on the Board of Trustees of the Phycological Society of America and helps organize the entire meetings for each of the national meetings. She is a member of the Society of Protistologists and a Fellow of the American Scientific Affiliation and has been a member since 1982. She has served on the Board of Directors for the Midwest Society of Electron Microscopists and has served as the Director of Biological Sciences for the same organization. She regularly gives papers at the Phycological Society of America meetings. She has organized many conferences in electron microscopy and phycology including an international one in New Zealand. Chappell has served on Accreditation Review Teams of the North Central Association (NCA) as an evaluator and consultant from 1984 to 1994 and as a reader from 1990 to 1994, and on the reader's panel for the NCA commission. She served on the Accreditation Review Teams of New England Association of Schools and Colleges (NEASC) as an evaluator since 1994. She reviews papers for the American Journal of Botany, the Journal of Phycology, the Christian Scholars Review, and has reviewed many grants from the National Science Foundation and private foundations.

Dr. Chappell has given many invited lectures to many Christian groups (both adults and students) and has spoken on the ethics of genetics, academic scholarship for Christians, contemporary issues in biology, ethical issues in the AIDS crisis as well as Creation and Evolution. She has reviewed and published on several Christian films and videotapes.

Dennis W. Cheek Ph.D.

Dr. Cheek received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in History from Towson State University in 1979. In 1984 he received a Master of Arts Degree in History from the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. He received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology from Regents College, University of the State of New York in 1988. He received a Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction and Science Education from Pennsylvania State University in 1989 with his Thesis on "Thinking Constructively about Science, Technology and Society Education". He did Post-doctoral studies in Information Sciences and Policy at the University of Albany, SUNY from 1990 to 1991. He is a Ph.D. candidate in Theology from the University of Durham, England with his Thesis on "Thinking Theologically about Technology: A Framework for Analysis and Decision Making with Special Reference to intelligent Transportation Systems". He also has fifty-four additional graduate credits from five institutions from 1979 to 1993.

Dr. Cheek has twenty-eight years of ministry experience as pastor, teacher, chaplain, itinerant evangelist in the United States and abroad. He spent eighteen years with administrative and supervisory experience in education as school, district, state, and national levels. He is a manager of large assessment, curriculum development, teacher enhancement and telecommunications projects, working with teachers, administrators, scientists, engineers, university faculty, corporations, and nonprofit organizations from across the sociopolitical spectrum. He taught elementary through doctoral students in the U.S., Germany, and Great Britain over twenty-five years and conducted numerous pre-service and in-service workshops in science, social studies, assessment, curriculum development, and science, technology and society studies. He is advisor to numerous federal and state agencies and task forces, scientific and technical associations, and consultant to educational publishers and corporations. He is an author, contributor, or editor of over 400 publications and multimedia products in education, science and technology, religion, and the social sciences. He has serviced on the editorial or manuscript review boards of six journals. Faculty/staff member at six colleges or universities, Dr. Cheek has traveled extensively in forty nations on four continents and is contributor to successful grant proposals totaling more than $30 million dollars.

As the Director, Office of Research, High School Reform and Adult Education, Rhode Island Department of Education and Adjunct Professor of Education at the University of Rhode Island since 1997, Dr. Cheek is responsible for supervising twenty one full-time and part-time staff a the Department, promoting instructional improvements in high schools and career and vocational centers statewide, acts as state superintendent for area Career and Technical Centers, supervises adult education (GED), leads the state public accountability reporting system, fosters articulation between high schools and postsecondary education, serves as chief departmental liason to state School-to-Career and workforce development initiatives in collaboration with the Department of Labor and Training, Human Resource Investment Council, and Economic Development Corporation. He also supervises two Department websites, conducts research and advice on education policy, teaches undergraduate and graduate students in assessment and evaluation, psychology of learning, foundations of education, an educational theory and policy. He is associated with the National Center on Public Education and Social Policy at the University of Rhode Island, and a member of the State Intervention Team in Central Falls School. Some of their work received Outstanding Achievement Award for CCD from the National Center for Education Statistics in 1999 and 2000 and two AERA Division H (School Evaluation and Program Development) 1999 publication awards related to public accountability reporting.

Dr. Cheek has been a Senior Professional with the Communications and Technical Support Services Division, the Science Applications International Corporation since 1995. The Science Applications International Corporation was the tenth largest federal contractor in 1999 and twenty third largest private company in the United States ranked number three hundred and thirteen on the Fortune 500 list, with 41,000 employees in 150 offices worldwide and a $5.5 billion revenue. His chief responsibility is to work with the Assistant Vice President to scope out large grant proposals, provide high-level advice to ongoing projects on a consulting basis.

Dr. Cheek previously was Coordinator of Mathematics, Science, Technology and Social Studies at the Rhode Island Department of Education and Director of the Rhode Island Statewide Systematic Initiative in Mathematics and Sciences (National Science Foundation) and Director of the Rhode Island Frameworks in Mathematics and Science Project from 1993 to 1997. He was Director of the Transformations Project with the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers in collaboration with other professional associations, corporations, and educational organizations from 1991 to 1995 (middle school reform effort working with eighty schools in thirty seven states, now serving on the Board of Directors. He was Interim Project Coordinator with the New York State Alternative Assessment in Science Project with the New York State Education Department with a National Science Foundation grant from May to November of 1993 (Regents Biology, Regents Earth Science, grade 8 and grade 4 science). He was the Coordinator of Curriculum Development, New York Science, Technology and Society Education Project at the New York State Education Department from August 1989 to April of 1993 (nine modules for middle school science statewide); Project Coordinator of the National STS Network, Pennsylvania State University from August 1988 to August 1989 (with leadership cadres in thirty eight states and nine regional university partners) and was Project Coordinator, U.S. Department of Education Study "Improving Secondary Science through STS for Urban and Minority Learners", Pennsylvania State University from August 1987 to August 1988.

Selected Honors include Kappa Delta Pi, Phi Alpha Theta, Epsilion Pi Tau and was nominated for appointment as Fellow, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. Dr. Cheek is a member of the Academy of Parish Clergy, the Alban Institute, the American Anthropological Association from 1990 to 1994, American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Educational Research Association, the American Psychological Association, the American Scientific Affiliation, and was a member of the Association for Supervision and Curriculum. He is also a member of the Council of State Science Supervisors, the Evangelical Theological Society, the International Network for Information in Science and Technology, the International Organization for Science and Technology Education, the International Technology Education Association, the National Association for Science, Technology, and Society, the National Science Teachers Association, the Religious Research Association, the Society for Biblical Literature and the Society of Ordained Scientists. He was also a member of the National Council for the Social Studies, the National Middle School Association, and the Society for the History of Technology and Sigma Mu.

Dr. Cheek has much grant experience, has been selected for numerous national and international conference presentations, has had much advisement and board service as well as curriculum, program development, and evaluation experience, and college level teaching experience. He has done editorial work and edited numerous books, numerous additional curriculum products, multimedia products, as well as numerous technical reports to the U.S. Department of Education and the National Science Foundations and many others. He has also numerous educational, science, technological, historical, and religious book reviews.

Tar Timothy Chen Ph.D.

Tar Timothy Chen received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Mathematics from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan in 1966. He received a Master of Divinity from South-West Baptist Theological Seminary, Fort Worth, Texas in 1989. Dr. Chen received a Master of Science Degree in 1969 and a Ph.D. in 1972 both in Statistics from the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.

Dr. Chen was Statistician for the Illinois Bell Telephone Company, Chicago, Illinois from 1971 to 1973. He was Assistant Professor of Statistics at California State University, Hayward, California from 1973 to 1974. He was Visiting Associate Professor of Applied Mathematics at National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung in Taiwan from 1974 to 1975. Dr. Chen was Bio-statistician at the Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan from 1975 to 1979. From 1979 to 1984 he was Assistant Professor of Biometrics and Assistant Biometrician at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. From 1984 to 1989 Dr. Chen was Senior Bio-statistician for Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, Texas. He was Mathematical Statistician for the Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program at the National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland from 1989 to 1998 and Head of the Bio-statistics Section at the UM Greenebaum Cancer Center and Professor in the Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine at the University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland from 1998 to 2001.

Dr. Chen was a Washington-Baltimore local section meeting organizer of the American Scientific Affiliation, a Philosophy and Theology Commission board member and a book reviewer for Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith, the American Journal of Epidemiology, American Statistician, Biometrics, Blood, Cancer, Communication in Statistics, Controlled Clinical Trials, International Statistical Review, Journal of American Statistical Association, Journal of National Cancer Institute, Journal of Official Statistics, Lifetime Data Analysis, Medical and Pediatric Oncology, Psychological Bulletin, Radiation Research, and Statistics in Medicine.

Dr. Chen has published 100+ papers, had ten invited lectures and taught twenty courses at various universities as well as organized two professional conferences. He was Executive President in 1999 of the International Chinese Statistical Association. He is a member of the American Statistical Association, the American Association for Chinese Studies, the American Scientific Affiliation since 1988, the Evangelical Theological Society, and the International Chinese Statistical Association. He is a Fellow of the American Scientific Affiliation, a Fellow of the American Statistical Association and is listed in American Men and Women of Science, 14, 17-20th editions (1979, 1989-1998), Marquis Who's Who In Cancer: Professionals & Facilities, 1st edition (1985), and Who's Who in American, 53rd, 54th, and 55th editions (1999-2001).

Henry E. Chenet Jr., M.Ed.

Henry Chenet has a Master of Education in Administration and Supervision from Southeast Louisiana College. He is now a retired public school principal. He was Secretary of the Louisiana Citizens for Academic Freedom in Origins.

Valery A. Cherepanov

Dr. Valery Cherepanov is of Svetlana's Laser Physics Department at St. Petersburg University (SPSU) and is affiliated with the Russian Science Center Kurchatov Insititute, Moscow. He is a leading gun designer and his field is in relaxation phenomena, high-Tc, magnetism and thin films. He has participated in creation forums and discussions.

D. Lee Chestnut

D. Lee Chestnut was a physicist. He was an Electrical Engineer, nuclear science lecturer, and business analyst with the General Electric Company and is now retired. He has authored numerous books and pamphlets dealing with science.

R. Gary Chiang Ph.D.

Dr. Chiang is a full university professor/teacher in the Department of Biology and Associate Dean, Natural Sciences and Mathematics Division, at Redeemer College, Ancaster, Ontario, Canada. He has been at Redeemer College since 1990. He received a Bachelor of Science Degree - Faculty of Arts and Science from the University of Toronto in 1975. He received a Master of Science Degree from the Department of Zoology, University of Toronto in 1977. His Master of Science Thesis was on "Quantitative analysis of high- and low-output neuromuscular terminals in a lobster." He received a Ph.D. from the Department of Zoology, University of Toronto in 1983 with his Ph.D dissertation on "Changes in nerve terminal physiology and ultra-structure at neuromuscular juntions of the lobster, Homarus americanus, caused by long-term facilitation or short-term denervation."

Chiang has given many popular presentations/talks and been invited to numerous scientific lectures. He was awarded a NSERC Postgraduate Scholarship for 1978-1979 and another for 1979-1980. He is listed in the Directory of Arthropod Endocrinologists: Canada Vol.2 (Aug., 1999) in Arthropod Endocrinology. He has received Internal Research Grants every year since he has been at Redeemer College.

Dr.Chiang has been a member of the Canadian Society of Zoologists since 1982. He has been a member of the Microscopial Society of Canada (1984 to 1985) and a member of the Southern Ontario Neuroscience Association (1995 to 1996).

Robert A. Chilson Ph.D.

Dr. Robert Chilson is an Instructor. He is on the Faculty as Assoicate Professor in the Department of Biology at Loma Linda University, Riverside, California. He received a Bachelor of Arts Degree from Andrews University and a Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin in 1976. His research interests include behavioral correlations of heartbeat reversal in insects and population distribution in a desert-adapted butterfly.

Katherine Ching M.A.

Katherine Ching is Assistant Editor of the Geoscience Research Institute.

Donald E. Chittick Ph.D. (May 3, 1932 - )

Dr. Donald Chittick was born in Salem, Oregon. He earned a Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemistry from Williamette University, Salem, Oregon, in 1954 and a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry in 1960 from Oregon State University in Corvallis. Surprisingly, when Dr. Chittick was concluding his Ph.D. at Oregon State, one of his non-Christian relatives - knowing of Dr. Chittick's Christian background - introduced him to Alfred Rehwinkel's creationist book, The Flood. Later, he read the Morris/Whitcomb classic, The Genesis Flood, which prompted him to abandon theistic evolution entirely. In 1967 he was the Chairman of the Analytical Section of the Northwest Regional American Chemical Society meeting.

First Dr. Chittick taught chemistry at the University of Puget Sound, attaining the rank of Associate Professor, and then, beginning in 1970, was Professor of Chemistry, Physico-chemist, at George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon. Several years later he became Chairman of the Natural Science Division until he resigned in 1980 when he started his speaking ministry Creation Compass. It was not necessarily by personal choice that Dr. Chittick left George Fox College. God opened up new doors for public speaking and then called him by faith to full-time ministry.

In 1977, Chittick was invited to the Netherlands to be on an international forum on Creation on European television with five others. In the summer of 1979, Dr. Chittick went by invitation to New Zealand for five weeks to lecture in all of the public universities there and most of the public high schools, also many churches. While there, he spoke at their national dating laboratory. In the winter of 1979-80, he testified as an expert witness at the Arkansas trial on creation-evolution and public schools at the request of the state of Arkansas. In 1988 he accepted a position as Adjunct Professor of Chemistry at the Institute for Creation Research Graduate School in Santee, California. He was invited to be the keynote speaker at the Japanese National Creation Convention in August 1989 and again in August 1991 after each of which he spent two weeks on a lecture tour to various cities in Japan.

Dr. Chittick was Director of Research and Development at Pyrenco, Incorporated; Consultant in biomass gasification and Chemical Waste Treatment. His research interests include programmed instruction for which he was granted a U.S. patent and also alternate fuels or energy sources in which he holds both U.S. and foreign patents for which he is considered an expert. He developed a process for converting bio-mass to fuel and has received many awards including receiving the Bent Twig Award in 1986 from Citizens for Public Education, recognition in Outstanding Educators of America and is listed in American Men and Women of Science and Who's Who in the West. He is member of a number of organizations including the American Chemical Society and the Creation Research Society. He has participated in numerous national radio and television programs.

Chung-Il Cho

Professor Chung-Il Cho's background is in Biology Education.

J. I. Cho

J.I. Cho is Assistant Professor in the Department of Biology at Junnam University in Korea.

B. J. Choi

B.J. Choi is Associate Professor in the Industrial Science Department at Kongju University in Korea. Current study areas of interest include assessment of the secondary metabolism of plant kingdom in view of creationism.

Byong-Seok Choi Ph.D. (1953 - )

Dr. Byong-Seok Choi is Professor of Structural Biochemistry (NMR spectroscopy) in the Chemistry Department at KAIST (the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology), Taejon, Korea. He received a Bachelor of Science Degree in 1976 and a Master of Science Degree in 1978 both from Seoul National University. Choi entered Brandeis University in 1979 and received a Ph.D. there in 1984. He did Postdoctoral studies from 1984 to 1986 at M.I.T.

His main research field is in the structure determination of nucleic acids and proteins using NMR spectroscopy and computational chemistry. To understand the biological function of macromolecules their structural features should be known at the atomic level. These issues are current hot issues in biochemistry and the structural chemistry field. The most powerful method, NMR spectroscopy, and both synthetic and naturally isolated biopolymers are being used to approach these subjects. For several years we developed NMR methodology to solve the biochemical structural problems. Among them, they established water suppression techniques, two-dimensional NMR, solid state NMR, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and other advanced NMR spectroscopic methods, including saturation-recovery and multiple-quantum hetero-nuclear two-dimensional NMR. They also established modern method of DNA and peptide synthesis and equipment and new Silicon Graphics Workstation. Using these techniques they can investigate all the structural conformation and dynamics of macromolecules. They also extended their efforts to the studies of chain structures and conformations of synthetic polymers.

S. H. Choi, M.D.

Dr. S. H. Choi is a medical doctor and has a doctorate in medicine.

Young-Sang Choi Ph.D.

Dr. Young-Sang Choi is Professor in the Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. He received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemistry in 1939, a Master of Science Degree in Chemistry in 1965, and a Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Miami in 1974.

John M. Christensen

John Christy Ph.D.

Dr. John Christy is a world-class atmospheric scientist, a former Christian missionary in Africa, and now on a crusade to prove that the Earth is not growing warmer. He is Professor of Atmospheric Science and Director of the Earth System Science Center at the University of Alabama, Huntsville, Alabama where he began studying global climate issues in 1987.

Dr. Christy received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Mathematics from California State University, Fresno, in 1973 and taught Physics and Chemistry as a missionary teacher in Nyeri, Kenya for two years. He received a Master of Divinity Degree from Golden Gate Baptist Seminary in 1978 serving four years as a bivocational mission-pastor in Vermillion, South Dakota where he also taught college math. He was an instructor of mathematical sciences at Yankton (S.D.) College from 1980 to 1981, an instructor of mathematics at the University of South Dakota from 1981 to 1982, and an instructor of mathematics at Parkland, College, Illinois, from 1983 to 1987. He received the Master of Science Degree and Ph.D. degrees in Atmospheric Sciences from the University of Illinois (1984, 1987).

In 1989 Dr. Roy W. Spencer, a NASA/Marshall scientist, and Christy developed a global temperature data set from microwave data observed from satellites beginning in 1979. For this achievement, the Spencer-Christy team was awarded NASA's Medal for Exceptional Scientific Achievement in 1991. In 1996, they were selected to receive a Special Award by the American Meteorological Society for developing a global, precise record of earth's temperature from operational polar-orbiting satellites, fundamentally advancing our ability to monitor climate.

Dr. Christy has served as a Contributor (1992, 1994, 1996) and Lead Author (2001) for the reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in which the satellite temperatures were included as a high-quality data set for studying global climate change. He has or is serving on four National Research Council panels or committees and has performed research funded by NASA, NOAA, DOE, DOT and the State of Alabama and has published many articles including studies appearing in Science, Nature, Journal of Climate and the Journal of Geophysical Research. Dr. Christy has provided testimony to several congressional committees.

Christopher K. Chui Ph.D.

Dr. Christopher Chui received a Bachelor of Applied Science Degree in Engineering Physics from the University of Toronto, Canada in 1971. He received a Master of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering from West Coast University, Los Angeles, California in 1985. He received his Ph.D. in the Philosophy of Science from Logos Graduate School (Columbia Pacific University) Miami, Florida in 1992. He has Advanced Technical Education in Antenna Theory and Design, Applied Infrared Signal Processing, Display System Engineering, Signal Design, Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse, Radar System Design and Synthesis, Kalman Filtering, Thermal Imaging Systems, RF and Microwave Circuits, and Computer Networks.

Dr. Chui has taught science in Hong Kong, Ontario, and California. He has many years experience in teaching mathematics, apologetics, analog and digital electronics. He was academic Dean at Logos school in Los Angeles, California and Professor of Church History and Apologetics of the International Biblical Seminary, Canoga Park, California. He has many years of Industrial experience in electronics and computer methods. He was a senior software engineer doing some work on the National Missile Defense. He was Senior Engineer at Racal-Dana Instruments, Irvine, California from 1980 to 1982 designing and implementing various cost effective ATE projects for synthesizers, frequencey counters, digital multi-meters, and PET Computers using Basic.

From 1982 to 1994 Dr. Chui was Senior Engineer, Systems Engineer and Technical Administrative Serviceman for the Hughes Aircraft Company, designing and implementing various test systems for five years using HP Basic, solved numerous technical problems in several Mil-Specs using advanced mathematics and electronics, performed statistical analysis for various yields and failures, proposed cost effective test strategies and methods, performed statistical analysis for various yields and failures, provided corrective action to various problems, performed AMRAAM test data integration and analysis, specification generation of missile guidance system and subsystems, problem solutions, alternative technologies, cost reduction manufacturing processes, risk assessments, delivery of control data requirement scheldules and test requirements documents, RF processor and seeker antenna sum and difference network system engineering functions, setting up various missile design reviews with customers, coordinated and developed financial reports, quarterly IR&D progress reports, Technical Plans, IR&D project continuity documents, IR&D technical plans, and special reports to management, developed software required to generate IR&D records from central databases, generated flowcharts, C code and Visual Basic for ASRAAM test equipment, performed system tests to Multimode Seeker technology, generated C code for temperature sensors in focal plane array applications.

As a Technical Writer for Medical Data Electronics from 1994 to 1995, Dr. Chui developed and published medical computer technical manuals, service manuals, operational manuals, advertising materials for a wide variety of medical electronics used in hospitals. He was a Contract Engineer for Triad Systems from 1996 to 1997 contracted to Rocketdyne Division, Boeing Space and Defense, performing multiple tasks of hardware evaluation, testing, report writing, Ada programming, and problem resolution in Unix. From 1997 to 1998 he was a Contract Engineer for I.R. Systems to Teradyne, Inc., performing multiple tasks of engineering, including debugging, troubleshooting, parts evaluation, testing, report writing, and fixture design and implementation. He was a Teacher and Computer Technician for LAUSD from 1999 to 2001 and is currently Instructor and Computer Technician for the SINO Community Center He is a MCP, MCP+I, MCSE, CCNA Microsoft Certified Professional Systems Engineer. He is qualified in education, training, and experience in Computer Literate in Disk Operating Systems, Windows, and Unix, Programming in Ada, Basic, Unix and C, Systems Test and Analysis, Automatic Test Equipment Development, Policy/Procedure Development, Analog, Digital, and RF Circuits, Training and Teaching Skills, QA, QC, Test and Integration, Troubleshooting and Corrective Actions, Systems Management, ATE Software Development, Proposal Writing, Progress Report Development/Tracking, and Budget Management/Control. He was a member of the IEEE, APEO, ANS, SNM and EIC.

John M. Cimbala Ph.D. (1957 - )

Dr. John Cimbala is Professor of Mechanical Engineering in the Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering at Pennsylvania State University. His technical interests include experimental and computational fluid dynamics, flow visualization, wind tunnels, neutron radiography, turbulence, turbulence modeling, air pollution control, and pneumatic conveying of particles.

Dr. Cimbala received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Aerospace Engineering with highest distinction from Pennsylvania State University in 1979. From there he went to the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), where he obtained his Master of Science Degree in Aeronuatics in 1980 and his Ph.D. in Aeronautics in 1984. His Ph.D. thesis was entitled,"Large Structure in the Far Wakes of Two-Dimensional Bluff Bodies."

In July of 1984, Dr. Cimbala returned to Penn State as Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering. In July of 1990, he was promoted to Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, and was granted tenure. In July of 1997, he was promoted to Professor of Mechanical Engineering.

During the academic year 1993 to 1994, Dr. Cimbala worked at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Langley Research Center, where he advanced his knowledge of computational fliud dynamics and turbulance modeling. He was a Pioneer in the development of the Internet for teaching enhancement.

Dr. Cimbala was selected for membership in Outstanding Young Men of America in 1988. He received a College of Engineering Outstanding Teaching Award in 1992 and a College of Engineering Premier Teaching Award in 1996. In April of 1997 he received the George W. Atherton Award for Excellence in Teaching at Pennsylvania State University. In October of 1997, he was presented with the Teacher of the Year Award from the Mechanical Engineering honor society Pi Tau Sigma.

Dr. Cimbala has been a member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) since 1976, a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) since 1984, a member of the American Physical Society (APS) since 1984. He was a member of Sigma Xi Scientific Research Society from 1985 to 1992, member of Outstanding Young Men of America in 1988, member of the ASME Executive Committee - Central Pennsylvania Section from 1988 to 1991, and has been a member of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) since 1991.

Patrick H. Clancy Ed.D.

Patick Clancy is affiliated with the King's College, New York. He is a retired Biology teacher, New York City Schools. He has a Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology, a Master of Arts Degree in Science Education, and an Ed.D. in Educational Administration and Policy Structures.

Gloria Clanin

Colin Grant Clark M.A., D.Litt., D.Econ. (Nov. 2, 1905 - )

Oxford-trained economist whose tremendous data collection efforts remain unparalleled to the modern day. Inspired by Arthur L. Bowley, Colin Clark compiled the first set of modern national income accounts for the United Kingdom. He pursued collection on a worldwide scale and published, in 1939, his famous Conditions of Economic Growth - the first study to make quantitatively evident the gulf between European countries and the remainder of the world. His later work concentrated on issues in development economics, most notably in stressing the role of population growth - and understressing that of investment - in economic growth.

Dr. Colin G. Clark has held many important positions in Economics and related studies. He was formerly Director of the Agricultural Economics Institute at Oxford University. In 1949 the United Nations called a conference on the conservation of resources, at which he was one of the speakers.

Dr. Clark received his M.A. degree (Oxon), and another M.A. degree (Cantab). He took a degree in Chemistry and was Frances Wood Prizeman of the Royal Statistical Society. He was an assistant to the late Professor Allyn Young of Harvard, and had been a lecturer at Cambridge and a visiting lecturer at the Universitities of Sydney, Western Australia, and Melbourne.

Dr. Clark worked on the Survey of London Life and Labour from 1928 to 1929, and the social survey of Merryside from 1929 to 1930. He was on the staff of the Economics Advisory Council from 1930 to 1931. He was under the Secretary of State for Labour and Industry and Director of Bureau of Industry and Financial Advisor to the Treasury of Queensland. He had many publications, pamphlets, and articles in technical periodicals. He lectured at the College in 1947 while representing his government at the International Statistical Conference.

Dan Clark

Dan Clark is a Chemistry teacher. He taught at Jefferson High School (Lafayette School Corporation) for over seventeen years. He is now working as a Chemistry teacher at Frontier School Corporation in Chalmers Junior/Senior High School.

Ervil Clark Ph.D.

Ervil Clark was Chairman of the Biology Department at Pacific Union College in California, as well as Director of the Musuem there. He was a spokesperson for creationism. Harold Clark was his father. He is deceased.

Gordon Haddon Clark Ph.D. (August 31, 1902 - April 9, 1985)

Gordon Haddon Clark was the only son of David Scott Clark. His father had graduated in 1887 from Princeton Theological Seminary and had died in 1939. Gordon Clark profited greatly not only from his Christian home and upbringing, but also from the superior educational system of his day. He was taught at home by his father and took full advantage of his father's library, familiarizing himself with the writings of Hodge, Warfield, and Calvin. His education was extensive and included both Latin and French. He went on to graduate from the University of Pennsylvania in 1924 with a Bachelor's Degree and again graduated from the same institution in 1929 with a Ph.D. in Philosophy.

After graduating, Dr. Clark took a position as Instructor of Philosophy at the University of Pennsylvania from 1929 to 1936. Additional study at the Sorbonne in Paris took place during these same years. From 1936 to 1944 he served as Professor of Philosophy at Wheaton College in Wheaton, Illinois. He was Professor of Philosophy at Butler University from 1944 until his retirement in 1973. In 1974 he began teaching at Covenant College in Lookout Mountain, Georgia and remained there for ten years.

Dr. Clark was the author of over 33 books and numerous articles and had been a founder of the Evangelical Theological Society.

Harold W. Clark Hon. D.Sc. (1891 - 1986)

Harold W. Clark was a Biologist and was Professor Emeritus of Biology at Pacific Union College in California. He graduated from there in 1922. He received a Master of Arts Degree in Zoology/Ecology from the University of California in 1933. For 36 years he was head of the Biology Department of Pacific Union College, Angwin, California. He held an Honorary Doctor of Science Degree from Pacific Union College. He was President of the Life Origins Foundation and had written several books on creationism.

Marlyn E. Clark Ph.D.

Dr. Marlyn Clark is Emeritus Faculty Professor of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Staff member since 1946 and a member of the Faculty of Bioengineering. Dr. Clark received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Civil Engineering from the University of Wisconsin in 1944. Dr. Clark directed research since 1961 on simulation of physiological fluid phenomena associated with cerebral circulation. From 1968 to 1973 Clark was associated with the Interscience Research Institute of Champaign, Illinois as Senior Scientist. Dr. Clark was Research Scientist in Space Physics at the Missiles and Space Division of the Lockheed Company, Palo Alto, California. Dr. Clark was co-director of the Genesis Research Laboratory of Urbana, Illinois, an organization devoted to creation research with particular emphasis on a worldwide flood.

Robert E.D. Clark Ph.D. (1907 - November, 1984)

Robert E. D. Clark was educated at St. Lawrence College, Ramsgate, and at St. John's College, Cambridge, graduating with first class honors in 1928. He received a Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from Cambridge in 1932. He taught at the Gordonston School, Marayshire, and Bournemouth School, Bournemouth, after which he became the scientific editor to the Paternoster Press. From 1949 to 1971 he taught Chemistry at the Cambridgeshire College of Arts and Technology, Cambridge, retiring as senior lecturer. He was also Vice-President in charge of Research at Harding College, Searcy, Arkansas. He had published several scientific papers.

Robert T. Clark

Bart Clarke

Bart Clarke was with Los Angeles Baptist College.

Benjamin L. Clausen Ph.D.

Benjamin Clausen is a research scientist at the Geoscience Research Institute, Loma Linda, California and is an Adjunct professor in the Department of Natural Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California and in the Department of Physics, La Sierra University, Riverside, California.

Clausen received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Math/Physics from Union College, Lincoln, Nebraska in 1978. He received a Master of Science Degree in Geology from Loma Linda University, Riverside, California in 1983 with his thesis on "Stratigraphy and Structure of the Miocene 'Esmeralda' Formation in Stewart Valley, Mineral County, Nevada" and a Ph.D. in Nuclear Physics from the University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado in 1987 with his Ph.D. thesis on "Pion Scattering to 8 Stretched States in 60Ni".

Dr. Clausen was a Technical assistant for seismic data processing for the Amoco Oil Company, Houston, Texas in 1974. He was a volunteer high school math and science teacher, Solusi College, Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), Africa from 1974 to 1975. From 1978 to 1980 he was a high school math and science teacher at Sandia View Academy, Corrales, New Mexico. He was a contract teacher for physics/mathematics from 1981 to 1983 in the Physics and Mathematics Departments at Loma Linda University, Riverside, California. From 1984 to 1987 he was Research Assistant at the Nuclear Physics Laboratory, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado. He was Research Associate (post-doctoral position) at the Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics and Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia from 1987 to 1989.

Dr. Clausen received a University Fellowship from Loma Linda University in 1980, a Research Grant from the Geological Society of America in 1981, a President's Award from Loma Linda University in 1982, a Research Grant from the Geoscience Research Institute in 1982, a University Fellowship from the University of Colorado in 1983, and a Faculty Travel Grant, Associated Western Universities (USDOE) in 1990. He has been a member of the American Geophysical Union since 1982 and a member of the American Physical Society since 1983.

Conrad D. Clausen Ph.D.

Conrad Clausen was Associate Professor of Biology in the Biology Department of Loma Linda University.

Michael K. Clemons B.S.

Michael Clemons has a Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology.

Sidney P. Clementson

Sydney Clementson was a consulting Engineer, residing in the United Kingdom.

Leroy Victor Cleveland Th.B., Ed.M., Ed.D.(Hon.)

Professor Leroy Victor Cleveland was Secretary of the United States of America Division of the Evolution Protest Movement in Canterbury, Conneticut. He wrote an Anti-evolution Compendium (set of booklets).

Charles A. Clough M.S., Th.M.

Charles Clough graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Mathematics. He received a Master of Science Degree in Meteorology from Texas Tech. He received a Masters Degree in Theology from Dallas Theological Seminary. He is a scientist and author and is on the Board of Advisors at the Chafer Theological Seminary.

William W. Cobern Ph.D.

William Cobern is Professor of Science Education at Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan. He received an appointment in the Department of Teaching, Learning & Leadership and Science Studies. His primary undergraduate teaching assignment is elementary science methods. At the graduate level he teaches a variety of courses for science teacher development. His research interests pertain to the cultural study of science teaching and learning. He is also the book series editor for the Kluwer Academic Publishers "Science and Technology Education Library" and has been section editor for Culture and Comparative Studies for the journal Science Education and Journal of Research in Science Teaching. He is a charter editorial board member for the Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education. He has most recently been employed as an Associate Professor of Science Education at Arizona State University West, Phoenix, Arizona.

Cobern received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Biology and Chemistry from the University of California (Revelle College), San Diego, California in 1971. He received his Master of Arts Degree in Education from San Diego State University in 1975 and his Ph.D. in Science Education from the University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado in 1979. Dr. Cobern then spent five years as a faculty member of the Usmano Dan Fodio University of Sokoto, Nigeria. There he participated in the development of a new science teacher education program and the development of education programs for nomadic groups. His research was on the influence of traditional culture on learning in formal school settings. Dr. Cobern came away from that experience having given much thought to the notion that for many students science is a second cultural experience. From this basis in experience he developed a worldview theoretical framework for conceiving of science as an aspect of culture which warrants the assertion that meaningful science learning only occurs to the extent that scientific knowledge can find a cognitive niche within the everyday thinking of ordinary people. This theoretical work has been developed in several publications that have been studies and adopted by science education researchers in Africa and Australia who are struggling with cultural issues. In the United States of America, his work has drawn the attention of science educators working with Native Americans, African Americans, and religious communities.

The National Science Foundation has funded Dr. Cobern's empirical studies of culture and science education, and he has worked with the National Science Foundation sponsored Comprehensive Regional Center for Minority Education in Arizona. Dr. Cobern has been the recipient and principal investigator of external grant dollars totaling approximately $210,000. He has guest lectured in Australia, Brazil, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, Nigeria, Norway and South Africa. He is committed to the concept of culturally constructed, quality science education for all. He has been Conference Strand 8 coordinator (History, Epistemology, and Sociology of Science/Science Education) for the National Association of Research in Science Teaching. He has been a member of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching NARST Program Commitee 1992/1993 and JRST Awards Committe 1993/1996. He is a member of the American Education Research Association, the Association of Educators of Teachers of Science, the National Association of Science Teachers, the Nigerian Science Teachers Association, the South Africa Association of Research in Mathematics and Science Education, and the American Scientific Affiliation since 1978. He has published many professional papers in his field.

S. Maxwell Coder D.D.

S. Maxwell Coder was Dean of the Moody Bible Institute and former editor-in-chief of Moody Press. He had written two dozen books.

Fred F. B. Coffin

Harold G. Coffin Ph.D. (1926 - )

Harold Coffin retired from the Geoscience Research Institute on June 28, 1991 after twenty seven years of service there as a research scientist and associate.

Harold completed his Bachelor of Arts Degree in Biology at Walla Walla College, Washington, in 1947. He continued his undergraduate study and education there, completing his Master of Science Degree in Biology there in 1952. Three years later, in 1955, he completed his Ph.D. in Marine Zoology at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. During his graduate work, Harold was appointed a Research Fellow through the Allen Hancock Foundation.

For five years Dr. Coffin taught biology at Canadian Union College and later served as its Chairman for the Division of Science. In 1956 he returned to serve as Associate Professor of Biology and became the department's Chairman two years later in 1958. His dual role as professor and Chair continued for six years until 1964.

In 1964 Dr. Coffin accepted a position as a research scientist at the Geoscience Research Institute, then located at Andrews University, Michigan. In 1980 he moved with the Institute from Andrews University to Loma Linda University, California.

Dr. Coffin maintains memberships in the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Geological Society of America, and Sigma Xi. His articles have been published in the Geological Society of America Bulletin, Journal of Paleontology, Geology, Palaios, Creation Research Society Quarterly, Origins, and various other journals. He has authored or coauthored six books.

Over the past twenty five years Dr. Coffin and many other scientists have worked diligently on the Yellowstone fossil "forests" project in an effort to understand the geologic history of the numerous layers of upright fossil stumps. Many scientists contributed pieces to the puzzle. Dr. Coffin's research in the Specimen Creek area, Yellowstone National Park, and in Spirit Lake, Mt. St. Helens, are landmark studies. The modern analog that he developed from his Spirit Lake research and applied to his transport model for the Yellowstone fossil "forests" effectively refuted the arguments for successive forests living and dying in place over an extended period of time.

Dr. Coffin has plans to write books about creation and the flood for non-scientists and is called upon by the Geoscience Research Institute for special assignments.

Merrill Cohen M.D., F.A.A.E.M.

Dr. Merrill Cohen is a physician in Dover, Pennsylvania.

R. David Cole Ph.D.

David Cole is Emeritus Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California. He is retired now and resides in Santa Barbara.

Dr. Cole received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley. He received a Ph.D. in Chemistry, Universtity of California, Berkeley. He has been a member of the American Scientific Affiliation since 1960. He has 200 some papers in standard journals about structure, function and metabolism in proteins (mostly chromosomal ones). He is an Editorial Board member for six professional journals, on the Board of Trustees at New College, Berkeley, and Westmont College, as well as Chairman of the American Chemical Society - Biological Chemistry Division. He was a Guggenheim Memorial Fellow, Cambridge, England from 1966 to 1967.

Sid Cole Ph.D.

Sid Cole is a Research Associate at the Sanitarium Health Food Company in Australia. He holds a Bachelor of Science Degree and a Master of Science Degree in Chemistry from Melbourne University and a Ph.D. from Newcastle University for studies of ligand binding by metalloporphyrins. He is a former Director of the Australasian Food Research Laboratories and a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Food Science.

Ralph F. Coleman M.D.

Dr. Ralph Coleman is a Neuropathologist. He has for many years made a specialty of Psychophysics, one of a comparatively small number of scientists that have done so. He has a Master of Science Degree and a Doctorate in Medicine, and was a Professor of Neuropathology at the University of California, at Los Angeles (Neuropsychiatric Institute and Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles Center for the Health Sciences), and is a member of numerous important science groups.

David H. Collins B.S., M.Div.

David Collins has worked as a Naval Architect. He has a Master of Divinity Degree from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, Deerfield, Illinois.

Francis S. Collins M.D., Ph.D.

Dr. Francis Collins is a physician-geneticist and has been the Director of the National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH and has been head of the Human Genome Project since 1993. In that role he overseas a fifteen year project aimed at mapping and sequencing all of the human DNA by the year 2005.

Collins was raised on a small farm in Virginia and was home-schooled until the sixth grade. He obtained his Bachelor of Arts Degree in Chemistry from the University of Virginia with highest honors. He followed up with a M.Phil. in 1972 and a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry at Yale University in 1974. Recognizing that a revolution was beginning in molecular biology and genetics, he changed fields and enrolled in medical school to study medicine at the University of North Carolina, where he encountered the field of medical genetics and knew he had found his dream, receiving his M.D. in 1977. After a residency and chief residency in internal medicine at North Carolina Memorial Hospital, Chapel Hill from 1977 to 1980, he returned to Yale for a fellowship in human genetics from 1981 to 1984, where he worked on methods of crossing large stretches of DNA to identify disease genes. He continued to develop these ideas after joining the faculty at the University of Michigan in 1984 as Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine and Human Genetics. He stayed at Michigan until 1993, becoming a full Professor of Internal Medicine and Human Genetics and an Investigator in the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. This approach, for which he later coined the term positional cloning, has developed into a powerful component of modern molecular genetics, as it allows the identification of disease genes for almost any condition, without knowing ahead of time what the functional abnormality might be.

Dr. Collins became a scientific superstar in 1989 when together with Lap-Chee Tsui and Jack Riordan of the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada, he employed this new technique of positional cloning to find the human gene that can give rise to cystic fibrosis. His discovery quickly made possible the development of tests for prenatal diagnosis of the disease. He also discovered in 1990 the genes that play a role in neurofibromatosis, Huntington's disease in 1993, ataxia telangiectasia and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. That same year, Collins accepted an invitation to become the second director of the National Center for Human Genome Research at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, following in the footsteps of James Watson.

In addition, Collins founded a new NIH intramural research program in genome research, which has now grown to become one of the premier research units in human genetics in the country. His own research laboratory continues to be vigorously active, exploring the molecular genetics of breast cancer, prostate cancer, adult-onset diabetes, and other disorders. His accomplishments have been recognized by election to the Institute of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences, and numerous national and international awards including the Gairdner Award in 1990; the National Medical Research Award from the National Health Council in 1991; the Dickson Prize from Pitt; Honorary Doctorates from Emory, Yale, Mt. Sinai and the University of North Carolina; Member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1993; Baxter Award in 1994; Lila Gruber Cancer Research Award in 1995, and the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Award for Scientific Distinction in 1995.

John V. Collyer

John Collyer works with the Creation Science Movement in the United Kingdom and reviews science magazine articles for them. He has written articles which have had wide circulation.

Charles "Chuck" W. Colson J.D. (October, 1931 - )

Charles W. Colson is Chairman of the Board of Prison Fellowship, a syndicated columnist, author of fifteen books, international speaker, and radio commentator of "BreakPoint," a nationally syndicated daily broadcast. He was born in Boston, Massachuessetts. He received a Bachelor of Arts Degree from Brown University in 1953. He was Captain, in the United States Marine Corps from 1953 to 1955. He was Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of the Navy from 1955 to 1956. He was Administrative Assistant to United States Senator Leverett Saltonstall (Republican from Massachussetts) from 1956 to 1961. He received a J.D. with honors from George Washington University in 1959. He was Partner to the Gadsby and Hannah Law Firm from 1961 to 1969 and Special Counsel to President Richard M. Nixson from 1969 to 1973. He was Partner to the Colson and Shapiro Law Firm from 1973 to 1974. He is Founder and Chairman of the Board of Prison Fellowship and Prison Fellowship International since 1976. The Fellowship was started from royalties of his first book Born Again.

Chuck Colson was Outstanding Young Man of Boston, Chamber of Commerce in 1960. He received Honorary doctorates from various colleges and universities from 1982 to 1995. H received the Others Award, Salvation Army in 1990, the Humanitarian Award, Dominoes Pizza Corporation in 1991, and $1 million Templeton Prize for Progress in Religion in 1993 with the prize money donated to Prison Fellowship.

Over the past twenty some years, nearly five million copies of Colson's fifteen books have been sold in the United States. He donates royalties from these books to Prison Fellowship. He has visited more than six hundred prisons in forty countries and, with the help of nearly fifty thousand volunteers, has built Prison Fellowship into the world's largest prison outreach, serving the spiritual and practical needs of prisoners in eighty-three countries inlcuding the United States. In 1983 his vision grew to include reforming the criminal justice system as well as those incarcarated within it. He founded Justice Fellowship, an organization dedicated to working with legislators and policy makers to enact restorative justice principles. Justice Fellowship studies the causes of and proposes specific solutions for prison overcrowding, recidivism, and neglected crime victims. In 1989, he again expanded Prison Fellowship by adding Neighbors Who Care, a community-based support system for victims of crime.

Colson is considered one of America's leading authorities on the causes of and responses to crime. He has addressed nearly half the state legislatures in America and has met with a majority of governors. He has contributed articles to magazines and newspapers such as The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, the Washington Post, and the Chicago Tribune.

Gary Colwell Ph.D.

Gary Colwell is Philosophy Professor in the Department of Philosophy at Concordia University College of Alberta, Canada. He received a Bachelor of Arts Degree and a Master of Arts Degree from New Brunswick. He recieved a Ph.D. from the University of Waterloo. He has written numerous articles for publications such as Philosophy, Informal Logic, Dialogue and Argumentation.

Arthur Holly Compton Ph.D. (September 10, 1892 - March 15, 1962)

Arthur Compton was born at Wooster, Ohio, the son of Elias Compton, who was Professor of Philosophy and Dean of the College of Wooster. Arthur was educated at the College, graduating with a Bachelor of Science Degree in 1913, and spent three years doing postgraduate study at Princeton University receiving his Master of Arts Degree in 1914 and his Ph.D. in 1916. After spending a year as Instructor of Physics at the University of Minnesota, he took a position as a research engineer with the Westinghouse Lamp Company at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania until 1919 when he studied at Cambridge University as a National Research Council Fellow. In 1920, he was appointed Wayman Crow Professor of Physics, and was Head of the Department of Physics at Washington University in St. Louis. In 1923 he moved to the University of Chicago as Professor of Physics. Compton returned to St. Louis as Chancellor in 1945 and from 1954 until his retirement in 1961 he was Distinguished Service Professor of Natural Philosophy at the Washington University.

In his early days at Princeton, Compton devised a method for demonstrating the Earth's rotation, but he was soon to begin his studies in the field of X-rays. He developed a theory of the intensity of X-ray reflection from crystals as a means of studying the arrangement of electrons and atoms, and in 1918 he started a study of X-ray scattering. This led, in 1922, to his discovery of the increase of wavelength of X-rays due to scattering of the incident radiation by free electrons, which implies that the scattered quanta have less energy than the quanta of the original beam. This effect, now known as the Compton effect, which demonstrates the particle concept of electromagnetic radiation, was later substantiated by C. T. R. Wilson who, in his cloud chamber, substantiated the presence of the tracks of the recoil electrons. Another line of evidence showing the reality of this phenomenon was supplied by the coincidence method (developed by W. Bothe and H. Geiger in Germany, and independently by A.W. Simon and Compton), by which it could be established that individual scattered X-ray photons and recoil electrons appear at the same instant, contradicting the views then being developed by some investigators in an attempt to reconcile quantum views with the continuous waves of electromagnetic theory. For this discovery, Compton was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for 1927 (sharing this with C. T. R. Wilson who received the Prized for his discovery of the cloud chamber methods).

During 1930 to 1940, Compton led an international study of the geographic variations of the intensity of cosmic rays, thereby fully comfirming the observations made in 1927 by J. Clay from Amsterdarm of the influence of lattitude on cosmic ray intensity. Compton had shown, however, that the intensity was correlated with geomagnetic rather than geographic latitute. This gave rise to extensive studies of the interaction of the Earth's magnetic field with incoming isotropic stream of primary charged particles.

Dr. Compton was awarded numerous honorary degrees and other distinctions including the Rumford Gold Medal (from the American Academy of Arts and Sciences) in 1927; the Gold Medal of the Radiological Society of North America in 1928; the Hughes Medal (from the Royal Society) and the Franklin Medal (from the Franklin Institute) in 1940. He served as President of the American Physical Society in 1934, as President of the American Association of Scientific Workers from 1939 to 1940, and President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1942.

In 1941 Compton was appointed Chairman of the National Academy of Sciences Committee to Evaluate Use of Atomic Energy in War. His investigations, carried out in cooperation with E. Fermi, L. Szilard, E.P. Wigner and others, led to the establishment of the first controlled uranium fission reactors, and, ultimately, to the large plutonium-producing reactors in Hanford, Washington.

Compton had numerous scientific papers published.

Bob Compton D.V.M., Ph.D.

Dr. Bob Compton obtained his Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Degree at Washington State University and a Ph.D. in Physiology at the University of Wisconsin/Madison. He helps veterinarians, cattle ranchers, and dairymen develop animal health programs by giving them information about immune systems and the viruses and bacteria that cause disease in beef and dairy herds. Over the last twenty some years, scientific research has uncovered vital information about cattle diseases and how the immune system functions. Dr. Compton writes booklets and conducts workshops that educate veterinarians and animal producers, showing them how to apply current research into their herd health program. In addition to animal health, Dr. Compton also educates on soil nutrition and soil management, which helps ranchers and farmers to produce healthier animals and plants. He is involved with reviewing high school biology textbooks to ensure that the content of each textbook is scientifically accurate, factual, and objectively balanced, thus promoting educational excellence. He has been very active in efforts to expose the fallacies of evolution.

John Wesley Conley

John Wesley Conley was an author and a progressive creationist.

Steven J. Connor M.S.

Steven J. Connor has a Master of Science Degree.

Rebecca Conolly B.Sc. Elec. Eng. (Hons.), M.Sc.

Rebecca Conolly has worked as a Development Engineer in precision farming and satellite positioning techniques. She now writes and consults from her home in Bwlawayo, Zimbabwe.

Vincent Conte

Vincent (Vinnie) Conte is a financial advisor and has been working in the financial services industry since 1981. Formerly a Division Director for Financial Planning with a major Wall Street brokerage firm, he is now the owner of Conte Asset Management Group, Incorporated. Vinnie is a Registered Investment Advisor (RIA), a Certified Financial Planner (CFP), a Certified Funds Specialist (CFS), a Registered Securities Principal, and a member of the Fidelity Advisor Council.

A graduate of Thomas Edison State College in New Jersey, Vinnie is currently pursuing a Masters of Financial Services degree with the American College in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. He has also served as adjunct faculty member of the Central Florida Chapter of the International Board of Certified Financial Planners (IBCFP), and is currently a member of the International Association of Financial Planners (AFB).

As a dedicated Christian, Vinnie strives to make integrity, professionalism, and conern for each client the hallmark of his financial planning practice. In addition, a firm belief in the value of financial planning has spurred Vinnie on to share his expertise through various means, including articles published in newspapers and magazines, seminars and classes taught through churches and schools, and regular radio and television appearances.

Charles Cook

Charles Cook is a journeyman toolmaker.

Harry Cook D.Sc.

Harry Cook is Professor Emeritus of Biology with the King's University College (appointed in 1979 and emeritus in 1999) and has been Adjunct Professor in the Department of Biological Science at the University of Alberta since 1988. He received a B.Sc.A. and a M.Sc.A. degree in Animal Science, both from the University of British Columbia in 1960, and 1962 respectively. He received his D.Sc. in Zoology from the Free University of Amsterdam in 1966. His research interests include the history of biology, the pituitary gland of fishes (electron microsopy), and non-infectious diseases of poultry. Some of his current research projects include black bone disease in commercial broiler chickens, neo-lamarkian trends in modern biology, and moleuclar genetics and its relationship to biological determinism.

Dr. Cook's main area of publication in biology has been the endocrinology of fishes. He has many articles in refereed publications. He is a member of the American Scientific Affiliation.

Melvin Alonzo Cook Ph.D. (October 10, 1911 - October 12, 2000)

Melvin Alonzo Cook was born at Swan Creek, Utah, near Bear Lake. Education was very important to his parents. Cook attended the University of Utah and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Chemistry in 1933 and a Master of Arts Degree in Physical Chemistry in 1934. He received a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Yale University in 1937 and was the recipient of the Loomis Fellowship which is given to the top Ph.D. graduate in Chemistry which provided for a large sum of money. His professors A.J. Hill in Organic Chemistry; Blare Saxton in thermodynamics: H.S. Hared in Electrochemistry; and Nobel laureate Lars Onsager all provided outstanding research guidance and instruction at Yale which resulted in the publication of five articles on thermo-electrochemistry of aqueous solutions in the Journal of the American Chemical Society before his graduation, and in his dissertation, "Thermodynamics of Potassium Hydroxide Solution from Electromotive Force Measurements."

Dr. Cook worked at the Eastern Laboratory of the Du Pont Company, Bibbstown, New Jersey. The early years at Du Pont brought forth perhaps the finest explosives library in the world, and he became familiar with German, French and English explosives literature. Dr. Cook developed new explosives including EL357, an oil well explosive which eliminated the need for the dangerous and very sensitive liquid nitroglycerin for shooting water, gas well, and deep oil and Nitramon A which was an improvement on the original patent that became the most popular exclusive in open pit blasting for over two decades. It required a high pressure booster for iniation instead of a blasting cap, a very important safety factor.

Dr. Cook's most important development during this period was his "Theory of Detonation", published for commercial use first but was later revised for military application, given to the Allies during WWII and is considered one of the major developments in the history of explosives and is an important part of his book The Science of Explosives, American Chemical Society Monograph No.139, first published in 1958.

During WWII, Dr. Cook served as Du Pont's representative on the "Brain Trust" which included about twenty five of America's leading physical scientists such as Eyring, Kistiakowsky, Gamov, Einstein, and Bethe. They mainly worked on theories of detonation and explosives. Most commerical work was discontinued during the war in order to concentrate effort on military explosive devices and explosives. His work on shaped charges improved substantially the effectiveness of the Bazooka. The original patent was purchased from Mohaupt in France, however it couldn't penetrate German tanks until the improvements were made. He received a special citation at Picatinny Arsenal on May 1992 by the United States Army, for this and other important considerations.

After meeting Eyring on the "Brain Trust", Dr. Cook worked closely with him. Eyring accepted the position of Dean of the Graduate School at the University of Utah in 1946, and had encouraged Cook to pursue a position at the University. The offer of Full Professor of Metallurgy with tenure came in 1947. Dr. Cook left Du Pont at that time, but was retained as a consultant for five years.

Dr. Cook directed research for doctoral candidates and taught surface chemistry and solid state physics as Professor of Metallurgy at the University of Utah. His work there included the development of his flotation theory in 1947, which he defended for approximately 10 years against two other theories suggested by Taggart of Columbia and Gaudin of MIT, until his theory was accepted by the scientific community. Studies on the adsorption of gases on solids were published in 1948. Dr. Cook was called on later in 1970 to analyze and publish results on adsorption of mane gases on moon rock.

The United States Army service came to the University of Utah in 1952 to consider a research project that resulted in Dr. Cook becoming Director of the Explosives Research Group and the Institute of Metals and Explosives Research. These projects brought to the University substantial research funds and accomplished some very important research into the mechanism of detonation.

Dr. Cook served as a consultant for one hundred plus different companies throughout the world including Africa, Canada, Germany, Australia, England, Switzerland, and the United States. He was called to a committee of scientists chosen to investigate the Texas City disaster of 1947, when two shiploads of ammonium nitrate fertilizer exploded in the harbor at Galveston, Texas, destroying the surrounding area and which killed over six hundred people including three hundred scientists in the Monsanto Laboratory. He became the expert witness for the plaintiffs. Dr. Cook consulted for the Association of American Railroads from 1948 to 1951 in regard to the tariffs for the hazards involved in the transportation of explosives. He had also served on an Armed Services Advisory Committee on the Minute Man for Picatinny Arsenal in New Jersey, and the ad hoc committee for Cryogenic Propellents.

Dr. Cook's greatest commercial explosives invention was made in December of 1956, while consulting for the Iron Ore Company at the Knob Lake Mine in Labrador, where he formulated a new blasting agent using an unusual mixture of ammonium nitrate, water, and aluminum powder. The efficiency and safety of this newly created explosive was apparent, and the utilization of water was revolutionary. Test that followed resulted in the creation of a new field of explosives: slurry explosives, boosters, and pump trucks for their bulk delivery. This invention converted the commercial explosives industry from dangerous dynamite to safe slurry and dry blasting agents.

As a result of the Knob Lake Experiment, the Iron Ore Company of Cada supported the important research on slurry explosives beginning in 1957. Following increased demand for this research work and boosters, the International research and Engineering Company was organized in 1958 by six graduate students and Dr. Cook. Mesabi Blasting Agents was founded in 1960 for the operation on the Mesabi Iron Range. In 1963 these two companies merged forming IRECO Chemicals, a worldwide operation.

The years Dr. Cook spent at IRECO involved much world travel in order to establish new accounts and apply expertise to improving blasting methods at leading mining companies. This also included the writing of many technical papers on blasting and explosives. As a result of the many developments there during those years, over one hundred patents regarding this new type of slurry and emulation blasting agents and delivery methods were filed.

Dr. Cook was President of IRECO until 1972 when his oldest son became President. The last important work he completed while there was his book The Science of Industrial Explosives published in 1974.

In 1973, Dr. Cook and his son, Merrill A. Cook, formed Cook Associates for consulting purposes. They undertook the development of a new patented slurry and pump truck system. Atlas Powder Company approached them to buy it and they became associated with Atlas during 1977 working on the Iron Range in Minnesota. After the contract with Atlas was terminated, other new pump trucks and slurry products, such as their emulsion perchlorate slurry, were invented and marketed by Cook Associates (Cook Slurry Company). In 1994 Dr. Cook sold his interest in Cook Associates and its successors to his son.

Dr. Cook had effectively been on retirement since 1983 and began to work on his three volume autobiography. This project began originally in 1973 with Volume I. However, much of his time was devoted to prehistory. Dr. Cook has always held a close relationship between his scientific and religious philosophies. The usual tendency is to keep science and religion separate, but he often worked allowing science and religion to augment each other with careful attention to experimental and observational fact, using mathematics as the means for making the connections.

The belief that religion held keys to a fundamental understanding of the universe and of many scientific principles, occasionally surfaced in Cook's talks and writings. In his Reynold lecture in 1952 he went outside the printed text to mention that he thought the real source of solar energy was 'borrowed light', accretion and that nuclear fusion was a minor contribution, if any at all. This resulted in mild attacks several days later in the seminar reviewing of his Reynolds lecture.

Another conflict in the scientific community was instigated when Dr. Cook was asked to write an introduction to the book Man: His origin and Destiny. The strong criticism of this book led Dr. Cook to a position of defending it and to a deeper involvement in issues pertaining to science and religion. He gained notoriety and perhaps some acceptance, in a well-publicized seminary at the University of Utah, that evolution violated the second law of thermodynamics. The press carried an article throughout the country regarding the idea. In autumn of that year, the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Switzerland carried on a vigorous discussion of the issue. The next year a formal conference was held at Wistar Institute in Philadelphia to debate the subject. Most agreed that evolution does indeed violate the second law of thermodynamics, however, the conference came up with another theory, unproved, which they called 'negentropy'. Scientists needed to believe that there was increasing complexity with random mutation. Dr. Cook's efforts in this area have been devoted to demonstrating that 'negentropy' was a fallacious concept.

After these beginnings, Dr. Cook had delved deeply into the area of science and religion and had written bulletins, pamphlets, scientific articles, and three books in this area, of which two - Prehistory and Earth Models, and Scientific Prehistory - are almost exclusively scientific with religious implications. The third, Science and Mormonism, co-authored with M. Garfield Cook, openly describes both viewpoints in detail. A characteristic of these writings is that they deal extensively with experimental fact. Englishman Alasdair Beal, in a review of Prehistory and Earth Models described Cook's writings as a creationist, indicating that his approach was "intelligent and restrained." These special scientific and religious interests have been for Dr. Cook a consuming interest and life's work, propelled by a deep focus and almost religious belief in the designated purpose of his life.

Dr. Cook had published over two hundred scientific articles in leading journals in the fields of explosives, solid-state and plasma physics, prehistory, surface chemistry, universal gravitation, electrochemistry, science and religion. He had five articles published on thermo-electrochemistry of aqueous solutions in the Journal of the American Chemical Society. He had also written six books in the field of explosives, including The Science of Industrial Explosives, The Science of High Explosives, ACS monograph No.139, and chapters in three other books.

The diversity of Dr. Cook's experimental, theoretical work and writings is evident, but he has been recognized primarily for his development of the new field of slurry explosives, boosters, and pump trucks for their bulk delivery. This has contributed enormously to the cost effectiveness and safety of the industry by replacing unsafe dynamite as a primary product. Dr. Cook patented over one hundred inventions in the field of explosives, and received several awards in recognition of these contributions, among which are the Loomis Award from Yale University in 1937, the Utah Award from the American Chemical Society in 1961, the Nitro-Nobel Gold Medallion from the Swedish Academy, Stockholm in 1968; the E.V. Murphree Award in Industrial and Engineering Chemistry by the American Chemical Society in 1968; the Directors Award from the International Society of Explosive Specialists; the Chemical Pioneer Award by the American Institute of Chemists in 1973; the Distinguished Service Award from the International Society of Explosives Engineers in 1991 and the John A. Ulrich Meritorious Service Award from the American Defense Preparedness Association, Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey.

Dr. Cook was a signer of the Anti-Global Warming Petition.

Steven T. Cook M.Div.

Steven Cook received a Master of Divinity Degree from Concordia Theological Seminary, Fort Wayne, Indiana. He was a contributor to Bible studies for the Bible-Science Association and is a Bible-Science speaker.

Jim Cooke M.S.

Jim Cooke is an exploration Geophysicist (Paleontologist/ Biostratigrapher) in the Gulf of Mexico, Africa, South America, the Far East, Texas, Oklahoma, and the northwest United States.. He worked for the Mobile Oil Company from 1979 to 1990. He has also in the last eight years had significant assignments in Sedimentology in South America, Texas, and Oklahoma and Seismic Stratigraphy in the Gulf of Mexico, Africa, and the Far East. He has done research in Statistical Biostratigraphic Analysis.

Cooke received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology from Ashland College (now Ashland University), Ashland, Ohio in 1972 with extra hours in Art, Chemistry, and History. He received a Master of Science Degree in Geology from Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana in 1975 with his Master's Thesis on corals. Course emphasis was on paleontology with Dr. Hubert Skinner as his Advisor.

Cooke has worked with the Institute for Creation Research on their Grand Canyon hikes and taught Seismic methodologies at the their Graduate School. He has run creationist field trips for Dallas folk (the Metroplex Institute of Origin Science with Don Patton) into the Arbuckle Mountains of Sourthern Oklahoma.

Robert E. Cooley Ph.D.

Robert Cooley has a distinguished background in archaeology and Biblical studies in addition to his leadership roles in higher education and the evangelical church. He recently made his 65th trip to the Near East, where he has done archaeological and anthropological research since the 1950s, including a key role in the Dothan Archaeological Expedition in Israel in 1959 into the early 1960s. His tours of Israel and lectures on Biblical Archaeology have been important and enriching elements of the evangelical community. As the Director for the Center for Archaeological Research at Southwest Missouri State University from 1973 to 1981, he developed extensive anthropological knowledge of the Southeastern region of the United States. He is currently directing the publication of The Dothan Archaeological Excavations. He has also served as Senior Editor of Christianity Today magazine, Chairman of World Relief Corporation, and President of the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada. He is Chair of the Board of Directors of In Trust, Incorporated. From 1981 to 1997 he was the second president of Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, South Hamilton, Massachusetts, where he is currently serving as the first chancellor of that institution. He is a distinguished Visiting Scholar and on the Faculty of Bethel Seminary.

Cooley received a Bachelor of Arts Degree and a Master of Arts Degree from Wheaton College Graduate School. He received a Ph.D. from New York University.

George W. Cooper Jr. M.A.

George Cooper Jr. received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Psychology from the University of Wisconsin, Madison and a Master of Arts Degree in Psychology from West Virginia University. He has a number of research articles published in secular journals. He has been instructor of psychology for over eighteen years at the Madison Area Technical College.

Matthew S. Cooper

Ronald L. Cooper Ph.D.

Ronald Cooper received a Bachelor of Arts Degree from San Francisco State University. He received a Certificate in Mechanical Engineering from the University of California, at Davis. He received a Master of Arts Degree and a Ph.D. in Economics from the University of California, at Berkeley.

Dr. Cooper was a Senior Energy Economist with the United States Treasury Department working on overseas assignments (Saudi Arabia). His post there involved doing research and conducting policy review with Saudis on Oil and Gas matters.

He joined Biola University School of Business faculty teaching in the area of economics (Principles of Macroeconomics and Writings in Microeconomics, and a Management Science course for business majors. He has extensive experience in economics and quantitative management, and has taught at UC Berkeley and Cal State Hayward.

Dr. Cooper is a business consultant to public utilitities and since 1999 has been Associate Professor of Business at Patten College, Oakland, California, Instructor in Organizational Management.

William (Bill) R. Cooper B.A., Hons.

Bill Cooper is a creationist researcher residing in Middlesex, England. He is a keen student of paleoanthropology, archaeology, and Bible history. He is the one who raised the issue originally about the Guadaloupe skeleton in the British Museum of Natural History. He was awarded an Honorary Bachelor of Arts Degree at Kingston University in England for his combined studies in the fields of the history of ideas in politics, philosophy, and English literature. He has lectured internationally (Germany, Belgium and in England including Leeds University). He is a council member and trustee of the Creation Science Movement.

B. J. Corbin B.A.

B.J. Corbin is an explorer as well as creator and originator of the Website and Editor and originator of 'The Explorers of Ararat'. He received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Sociology in 1982 from Salisbury University, Salisbury, Maryland. He is Vice President of the Archaeological Imaging Research Consortium. He has been researching Noah's Ark since 1986 and is a veteran of four expeditions to Mount Ararat.

Richard M. Cornelius Ph.D.

Dr. Richard Cornelius is a Bryan College English professor and expert on the Scopes Trial. He has taught at Bryan College since 1961. He received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in English from Bryan College in 1955. After graduation, he enlisted in the United States Army. After two years, he left the service and taught at an elementary school in Florida. He received a Master of Science Degree in English from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, in 1961. Afterwards, he began teaching at Bryan College. He received a Ph.D. in English from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, in 1971.

A publishing project on his agenda is a book or play about the Scopes Trial. That legal conflict in 1925 was one of the events which led five years later to the opening of Willima Jennings Bryan University - now Bryan College and has become one of Dr. Cornelius' areas of special study. He put some of his thoughts into the form of a newspaper article, which was published by the Atlantic Journal and Constitution in 1978, the first of more than a dozen published articles about the case.

His studies about Bryan and the Scopes Trial had led to his service as consultant and several on-camera commentator for national television productions about the case. He has been featured on PBS, background information for the History Channel and Court television productions on the trial in the past several years. Dr. Ed Larson, author of the 1997 Pulitzer Prize-winning book on the Scopes Trial, drew on Dr. Cornelius' knowledge of the event as he was researching the book.

Allen B. Cornell

He was a graduate student in Biology at Wisconsin State University, Eau Claire, Wisconsin.

Daniel S. Cosgrove M.D., FACP, FACEP, FCFE

Dr. Daniel Cosgrove founded an